Chronotropic incompetence (inability to increase heart rate)
Chronotropic incompetence: inability to adequately increase heart rate Chronotropic incompetence is an independent predictor of overall and cardiovascular mortality. The condition is very common among individuals with heart failure . Notably, beta-blockers actually increase chronotropic competency in patients with heart failure , despite its negative chronotropic effect. Among persons who do not suffer from heart failure, chronotropic incompetence may be caused by beta-blockers, amiodarone or digitalis. Sinus node dysfunction (SND) is a common cause of chronotropic incompetence. Definition of chronotropic incompetence: the age expected maximal heart rate Chronotropic incompetence is defined as failure to reach 80% of the expected maximum heart rate (age-adjusted). To determine this it is necessary to perform an exercise stress test , during which it is fundamentally important that the patient performs maximally. Only two variables are needed to determine whether chronotropic incompetence ex…
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Cuộc đời thì ngắn, mà nghề thì miên man;cơn bệnh phập phù;kinh nghiệm hiểm nguy, còn quyết định thì thật khó.Người thầy thuốc không phải chỉ chuẩn bị để tự mình làm đúng, mà còn khiến cho bệnh nhân, người đi theo và các yếu tố xung quanh hợp tác hài…